The Supreme Court of India has strongly criticized the sharp and unpredictable rise in airfares across the country. A bench comprising Justices Vikram Nath and Sandeep Mehta described the current pricing practices of private airlines as “exploitation” of passengers. The court has now directed the Central Government and the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) to file detailed replies to a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) seeking strict regulatory control over airfare pricing.
The PIL demands binding guidelines to curb sudden fare spikes and regulate ancillary charges imposed by airlines. These include fees for seat selection, baggage, meals, and rescheduling.
What the Supreme Court Observed
During the hearing, the bench expressed serious concern over the lack of transparency in airline pricing. The judges noted that airfares often increase sharply during peak seasons, emergencies, and last-minute bookings. According to the court, such practices appear arbitrary and unfair to the common traveler.
The bench observed that passengers are left with no real choice, especially when travel becomes unavoidable. Therefore, unchecked fare increases raise serious questions about consumer rights and regulatory oversight.
What the PIL Seeks
The PIL urges the court to direct authorities to frame enforceable rules for airfare regulation. It specifically seeks:
- Caps on maximum airfare during peak demand
- Regulation of ancillary charges
- Transparent fare disclosure mechanisms
- Stronger monitoring powers for the DGCA
The petition argues that existing guidelines lack legal force. As a result, airlines freely alter prices without accountability.
Background: Long-Standing Issue of Airfare Volatility
Airfare volatility in India is not a new issue. Over the past few years, passengers have repeatedly complained about sudden fare hikes. Prices often surge during festivals, elections, natural disasters, and medical emergencies.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, capped fares provided temporary relief. However, once restrictions were lifted, pricing controls were withdrawn. Since then, airfare fluctuations have become more frequent and extreme.
Despite multiple advisories, airlines continue to follow dynamic pricing models. These models adjust fares based on demand, availability, and booking time.
The Real Scenario on the Ground
In real terms, domestic air travel has become increasingly expensive for many Indians. Last-minute tickets on popular routes often cost several times more than average fares. In some cases, one-way tickets exceed international flight prices.
Additionally, base fares may appear competitive. However, final ticket prices increase significantly due to added charges. These include convenience fees, baggage fees, and seat selection costs.
For middle-class families and emergency travelers, these costs are often unaffordable. As a result, air travel is gradually becoming less accessible.
The Supreme Court’s sharp remarks reflect growing public frustration over soaring airfares. By calling the practice “exploitation,” the court has sent a strong signal to regulators and airlines alike.
